A Mathematical Model for Minimizing Add-On Operational Cost in Electrical Power Systems Using Design of Experiments Approach

Abstract

One of the key functions of the Distribution System Operators (DSOs) of
electrical power systems (EPS) is to minimize the transmission and
distribution power losses and consequently the operational cost. This
objective can be reached by operating the system in an optimal mode which is performed by adjusting control parameters such as on-load tap changer (OLTC) settings of transformers, generator excitation levels, and VAR compensators switching. The deviation from operation optimality will result in additional losses and additional operational cost of the power system. Reduction of the operational cost increases the power system efficiency and provides a significant reduction in total energy consumption. This paper proposes a mathematical model for minimizing the additional (add-on) costs based on Design of Experiments (DOE). The relation between add-on operational costs and OLTC settings is established by means of regression statistical analysis. The developed model is applied to a 20-bustest network. The regression curve fitting procedure requires simulation experiments which have been carried out by the DigSilent PowerFactory 13.2 Program for performing network power flow. The results show the effectiveness of the model. The research work raises the importance the power system operation management of the EPS where the Distribution System Operator can avoid the add-on operational costs by continuous correction to get an operation mode close to optimality.