Techno-economic analysis of a 4 MW solar photovoltaic capacity expansion in a remote Indonesian village

Agie Maliki Akbar, Fahmy Rinanda Saputri, David Tee

Abstract


As of the end of 2022, Indonesia’s electrification ratio reached 99.63%, reflecting significant progress. However, the province of East Nusa Tenggara lags behind with an electrification ratio below 90%, indicating a considerable gap in energy access. This challenge is particularly evident in Oelpuah village, where frequent power outages occur due to the inadequacy of the existing 5 MW solar farm. This study proposes addressing this shortfall by expanding the solar farm capacity by an additional 4 MW. Comprehensive feasibility studies were conducted, evaluating solar radiation, natural disaster risks, and land use. The analysis, supported by PVSyst simulations, identified a suitable site with high radiation levels, though it is not entirely free from disaster risks. The design requires 13,500 solar panel modules, each with a capacity of 330 Wp, and seven 500 kW inverters. Optimal system performance is achieved with a 15-degree panel tilt and a 0-degree azimuth, aligning with the site's location south of the equator. This expansion could supply electricity to up to 4,014 households, each with a typical power usage of 0.825 kW. The study highlights the need for further research to enhance electricity coverage across Indonesia.

Keywords


Electricity; Electrification ratio; PVSyst; Radiation level; Solar farm

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DOI: http://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v15i4.pp4133-4147

Copyright (c) 2025 Agie Maliki Akbar, Fahmy Rinanda Saputri, David Tee

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International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)
p-ISSN 2088-8708, e-ISSN 2722-2578

This journal is published by the Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES).