A comparative approach between different optimize result in hybrid energy system using HOMER

Received Aug 29, 2017 Revised Jan 6, 2018 Accepted Jan 20, 2018 To compare the different result of optimization of a hybrid energy system. A hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) is the combination of renewable and non-renewable sources which is playing a very important role for rural area electrification when grid extension is not possible or excessively expensive. Non renewable sources like diesel power generator (optional) are used in a HRES for backup when renewable energy supply is not sufficient. While the HRES is very important due to the smallest natural and physical contact compared to non renewable sources, this work proposed a comparison outcome with the help of different component by using HOMER software and get best optimize result for the model. This paper presents a wide-ranging review of various aspects of HRES. This paper discusses study, best sizing, and model, organize aspect and reliability issue.


INTRODUCTION
Electricity generation through renewable sources in a very important topic for research now days. the reduction of fossil fuels and the knowledge of ecological humiliation is the main reason for increasing use of renewable energy in today's scenario, to reduce the effect of green house gases it is very important to develop of a HRES system in rural area [1]. Use of non renewable sources alone can be a very expensive process so to reduce the cost of electricity generation we can also use the renewable sources. They are cheap and easily available for generation.
The main apparatus of the HES mainly is renewable power generator as a primary (AC/DC sources), non-renewable generator as a backup system(AC/DC sources), power conditioning unit, battery system, load (AC/DC) and sometimes it is grid connected while some time stand alone [2]. A general HRES configuration has been shown in Figure 1.
HOMER (Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources) is the international set in small grid software, based on decades of listen to the desires of user in the order of the world with knowledge in designing and arrange small grids and transmitted power system that can contain a grouping of nonconventional energy sources, storage, and conventional generation either it is through a local generator or a power grid. Homer system used to reduce the dependency upon other conventional sources [3]. It used to simplify the designing task of the hybrid model, and optimization and evaluation of the economical and scientific option of a highest amount of options like machinery expenses, electric load, and power supply accessibility whether stand alone and grid connected. HOMER basically designed for rural community electrification and now it is licensed to HOMER Energy. Objective Oriented Project Planning) of a hybrid renewable energy system can be used to develop a novel approach of optimization [4].

LOAD ASSESSMENT
Dehradun block has adequate sunshine as a natural resource; it has moderate wind speeds while biomass available in great quantity as the animal population is much greater in this area and other parts of block. Data collected by the survey and the demand of energy is separated into five main category (i) domestic load (ii) commercial load (iii) agriculture/irrigation load (iv) school load (v) medical centers. Domestic load consists of light, television set, fans, and radio system. Commercial load include power for shops, community centre, street lights while agriculture load includes water pump, irrigation pump, well, fodder machine. Medical centre load consist, CFL, refrigerator, fans, while school load consist of CFL, ceiling fan, desktop, television Table 2 shows types of load for different section. In this section year is divided into two segment of 6-6 month namely summer and winter from May to October and November to April respectively. Different load profiles shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4. shows combined yearly load assessment for given area.

RESOURCES ASSESMENT
In this area, solar and biomass are the major resources. The estimation of potential of available energy resources as well as the energy demand of the study area is carried out as follows:

Photo voltaic system
The wealth is used for 50 KW system is $37,500 and replacement cost is taken $11,693. 50, 100, 200 kW used as the different capacities for Solar PV panels. And system life is considered 20 years [8]. Table 3 shows the PV input data used in HOMER and Figure 5 shows the graphical representation of that Table 3.   Table 4 shows the biomass data in that area. Some biomass used for domestic purpose and balance is obtainable for power generation using biomass gasification [9].

Diesel engine-generator set
A generator of 3 kW AC is used at cost $338 initially and replacement cost $576 is considered with $ 0.38 per hour process and preservation charges. Its time is predictable as 15000 working hours. Different capacities of ac generators are considered, for e.g. 15 kW, 20 kW for optimization. Algorithm Figure 6 defines the algorithm work for this research work and Costs of various apparatus are given in Table 5. This proposed model prepare with the help of one 50 kW photovoltaic cell, one 200 kW bio diesel generator, one 1 kwconverter, 1 S4KS25P battery, one 3 kW diesel generator (for backup system) with 3mwh/day and peak load is 645 kW shown in Figure 7.  Table 6. But the best result configuration get is I model.  Table 7 shows the electricity production by different apparatus from I configuration. Table 8 shows the comparative study between different configurations in homer with step time 50 and optimized completed in 1.34 min.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
The job had been done on HRES for Dehradun Block using solar/ biogas/ diesel/ battery/converter apparatus and found the best suited hybrid model for the selected block, by which we can found the lowest NPC, COE, Operating cost. The optimization and simulation shows that on the base of reasonable COE and NPC, i.e. with the entire four components we get best alternative but meet maximum consistency. 1. I model has the maximum renewable incursion 2. II model consists of SPV/ biogas but no diesel/ battery has lowest NPC. But there is no back up in the system. If somehow any renewable source are not present than we will not able to get electricity. With the comparison of model 1 it reduce the initial cost But meet higher COE and NPC. 3. In III model without diesel generator has same problem as II model 4. In IV model without battery does not have any storage system for excessive battery. Which will increase operating cost so NPC and COE also increase