Design and development of handover simulator model in 5G cellular network

ABSTRACT


INTRODUCTION
In this age of communication technology, 5G technology is becoming a necessary revolution. To bridge the gap between the current internet technology and its ease of use of common man is the challenging task. The most common method to increase the current network capacity with the available speed and frequency range is based on a re-use mechanism for the frequency level [1]. The main goal of internet technology is that the high-speed network in an area of coverage. The partition of the frequency band within the network is possible only with the help of the transfer mechanism [2]. The transfer mechanism is responsible for reallocating the frequency of the current session used by one device to the other [3]. The future use of mobile technology is expected to reach 250 times its current level in 2020. The use of internet of technology for business and real time application reach towards more than 10 billion in 2020. The main objective of the 5G is the flexibility, scalability, adaptability and realizable network development [4]. To achieve high speed, reliable network researcher is using the software defined network with 5G technology. The triangular problem is faced between the data sharing among the node because of the huge burden on the current network. The cloud computing technology has been currently used for the minimization of weight on  [5,6]. For the achieving the capacity for small cell base station HetNets were used towards the development of 5G dense networks. This network minimize the handover preparation and activation time.
The current mobile networks are witnessing for the ongoing enhancements in traffic and newly connected users [7]. The newly user definitely increases the exponential data traffic among the network. The handover mechanism is a key solution for aim to satisfying the rising requirement in 5G network [8,9]. The uses of the high number of nodes in the networks are creating a challenge towards mobility management. The handover mechanism is working as the partition the frequency band of the available node for the network [10]. The numerous use of handover also makes impact on computer network. The handover needs the delay of time for the functionality. The challenging task is to select the proper handover and implement on proper condition. The channel coding is also a key task for the handover implementation. The performance of the developed network is calculated on the basis of handover delay time [11]. The cellular architecture of 5G using ultra dense network deployment (UND) has been proposed and tested by the researcher. This proposed network has macro base station and radio transmission technology increases 10 times of current frequency. This proposed model will be providing the macro and backbone channel. In this model the optimal small cell base channel (SBS) is connected to substation for the frequency [12]. The average channel capacity is estimated based on spread spectrum and MIMO system. The transmitted signal is extracted bandwidth [13].
Many researchers have been proposed the 5G handover simulation model for the real time application. The system level simulation and stable performance achievement from the 5G simulation is discussed by the researcher [14]. The motivated research has been explained in the comparative analysis of 4G and 5G simulation network was explained by the researcher [15]. Most of work has been proposed using the open source software MANET routing protocol and simulation [16]. The researcher highlighted different protocol for the testing of the simulation model with respective time parameter [17]. The comparative analysis for commercial and open source simulation model and its results was explained by the researcher [18,19]. The researcher are used the ping pong and time based delay handover for the development of reliable 5G network. The description of the handover mechanism is explained in the Figure 1. The Figure 1 explains the received function of receiver frequency from neighbour node of the network. The observation of the neighbour node is transmitted to the base station. The frequency of the neighbour node is transmitted using the downlink manner explained by the researcher [20]. This research devoted towards design and development of proposed approach of handover based 5G network. The 5G network is design using the intra frequency handover mechanism. In the literature there are various algorithm are used for handover implementation for cellular network [21]. In the proposed network have three levels for the development. The levels are access cloud (AC), regional distributed cloud (RC), and national centralized cloud (NC). From this level we are concentrated on AC and other plane of cloud become unchanged. This research proposed X2 based delay handover for the 5G network simulator development. The procedure and protocol of LTE standard has been used for this model [22]. In the cellular network frequency of the neighbour node is observing and passed to the base station. The HO implementation and completion performance is also highlighted during this research. The researcher has proposed the model using LTE standards and achieves the time as approximately 6.94 from the experimental observation [23]. The traditional handover implementation considers the delay time and serving the frequency partition of the node among converge of the network. From the literature study it is observed that the there is extent need for the design and development of handover based 5G simulator model. The main objective of this research is to design and implementation of 5G network based on handover mechanism.
The overall structure of the paper is ordered as given. The section 2 explained proposed research design, and the procedure for the research implementation. The results and discussion regarding the proposed research is described in section 3. The concluding remark followed by the references is included in section 4.

RESEARCH METHOD
The technology of 5G has been set the reliable and trusted network. For the business and IOT application the role of 5G speed is important [24]. The architecture of the 5G is combination of the 3G, GPRS and LTE. Each technology has its own server and combination of the server towards the development of 5G is described in the Figure 2. The 5G architecture has a main terminal which has an independent and autonomous radio terminal connected using IP link. The packet data is transferred from terminal to 5G terminal. The design and development of desirable 5G network and its real time application setup is the challenging task for the researcher. The simulation model provides the facility to develop the topology, simulated real time executed performance-based model [25,26]. On the basis of nodes of network and simulated results provided link between networks the simulation software used by the researcher [27].
For the simulation of the network need the information and target of the network. On the basis of information and target the proposed steps for simulation model is described in Figure 3. From the proposed model the information for the network is collection or gathered. The target for the simulation is set.
Time optimization of the handover mechanism among the macro cell using the velocity of the received signal has been elaborated by the researcher [28,29]. The time of the handover optimization in different environment is explained by the various algorithm is explained by the researcher [30,31]. The most of the researcher are targeted the handover implementation in 5G network. The base station functionality and 3313 minimum delay handover implementation is the challenging task. For serving this conditional problem centralized mechanism of handover is implemented through simulation formulation. Figure 3. Proposed steps of 5G simulation model

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The experiment is tested for the 5G simulation model. The Figure 4 describes the graphical representation of the selected parameter for the simulation model. The model is developed for number of sample channel model impulse response. The response is tested on the basis of distance parameter. The performance of the Simulator model is calculated on the basis of time factor. The experiment is tested over the MATLAB simulator on the server system. The features of server include the Intel Xenon 2.40 GHz processor and memory unit of 96 GB. From the above graphical representation the total 28 input parameter are passed for the experiment. The 28 parameter are selected from the channel parameter and Antenna properties. The channel has 16 input parameter and 12 parameters are used for the Antenna properties. The architecture of channel parameter used for the simulation experiment is described in Figure 5. The implemented handover implemented for the 5G network handover network is shown in the Figure 6. The handover is implemented using the SDNC and traffic model. The performance of the simulated network is calculated on the basis of the performance of the simulated network. The topology is the major and challenging task for simulation model. The tested topology for the simulation of the 5G computer network is explained in the Figure 7. The noise level and the channel model for the simulation model are explained in the Figure 8.  The handover implemented and tested using the 5G simulated models. The performance of the handover execution is calculated on the basis of execution time. The graphical representation for average rate and number of user is explained in Figure 9. The Figure 9 explained the representation of average rate and number of user for the transmission in the signal. From Figure 9, it observed that as increase data rate number of user is also increases. The average rate and number of base station is represented in Figure 10. The variation based representation for average rate vs number of base station such as 10,20,30,40 and 50 is explained in Figure 10. From Figure 10, it is observed that the base station increases then the data rate become decrease. The graphical representation of the handover preparation and extraction time is explained in Figure 11. From Figure 11, observed that the handover execution time is the sum of these contributions and the HO interruption time. The graphical representation of the data rate and delay for the handover execution time is extracted. We assumed a constant handover interruption time of 15 ms and observed that HO preparation and completion times are almost constant for data traffic rates per UE up to 1 Gbps. From this point on the HO, execution time increases because the backhaul network begins to exhibit congestion. In other words, the time spent waiting in queues at BN rise. Handover interrupts time is directly affecting the performance of the simulation network. The delay of the transmission increases, it directly increases the failure rate of handoff in the transmission. From the literature experiment it is observed that the delay of handover and handover preparation is the 8.0 ms and handover completion time is 10.78 ms [11,15]. The proposed handover from the researcher is used for the coverage planning and 5G development. From the above literature results it is observed that the extracted handover preparation time like 7.08 ms and handover completion time is 9.98 ms is optimal. The delay of the handover is 2.9 ms. The performance of the proposed 5G is extreme level because the delay time is optimal.  Figure 11. Performance of the handover simulation model on the basis of execution time

CONCLUSION
In this research the design and development of 5G handover implementation has been carried out. In this experiment the MATLAB software are used for the simulation network development. The channel model and Antenna mode are used for the development. The 28 parameters are passed for the experimental analysis in which 16 are for channel parameter. Twelve parameters are used for the Antenna properties. The system level simulator model is developed from this experiment. From the simulator we have developed the topology and handover implementation. The simulator is tested over the frequency range of 500 MHz to 150 GHz and radio frequency for the 700 MHz bandwidth. The design model is compared with the 3G and 4G simulator model. The performance of the simulation system is calculated on the basis of handover preparation and completion time. This experiment achieves the 7.08 ms handover preparation time and 9.98 ms handover completion time. The delay time for the handover is 2.9 ms. The author recommended that to perform the future work regarding to minimize the delay of to improve the performance of the 5G cellular technology.